Interested in functions, hooks, classes, or methods? Check out the new WordPress Code Reference!Conditional Tags
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Contents
- 1 Introduction
- 2 The Conditions For ...
- 2.1 The Main Page
- 2.2 The Front Page
- 2.3 The Blog Page
- 2.4 The Administration Panels
- 2.5 The Admin Bar
- 2.6 A Single Post Page
- 2.7 A Sticky Post
- 2.8 A Post Type is Hierarchical
- 2.9 A Post Type Archive
- 2.10 A Comments Popup
- 2.11 Any Page Containing Posts
- 2.12 A PAGE Page
- 2.13 Is a Page Template
- 2.14 A Category Page
- 2.15 A Tag Page
- 2.16 A Taxonomy Page (and related)
- 2.17 An Author Page
- 2.18 A Multi-author Site
- 2.19 A Date Page
- 2.20 Any Archive Page
- 2.21 A Search Result Page
- 2.22 A 404 Not Found Page
- 2.23 A Paged Page
- 2.24 An Attachment
- 2.25 Attachment Is Image
- 2.26 A Local Attachment
- 2.27 A Single Page, a Single Post, an Attachment or Any Other Custom Post Type
- 2.28 Post Type Exists
- 2.29 Is Main Query
- 2.30 A New Day
- 2.31 A Syndication
- 2.32 A Trackback
- 2.33 A Preview
- 2.34 Has An Excerpt
- 2.35 Has A Nav Menu Assigned
- 2.36 Inside The Loop
- 2.37 Is Dynamic SideBar
- 2.38 Is Sidebar Active
- 2.39 Is Widget Active
- 2.40 Is Blog Installed
- 2.41 Right To Left Reading
- 2.42 Part of a Network (Multisite)
- 2.43 Main Site (Multisite)
- 2.44 Admin of a Network (Multisite)
- 2.45 Is User Logged in
- 2.46 Email Exists
- 2.47 Username Exists
- 2.48 An Active Plugin
- 2.49 A Child Theme
- 2.50 Theme supports a feature
- 2.51 Has Post Thumbnail
- 2.52 Script Is In use
- 3 Working Examples
- 4 Conditional Tags Index
- 5 Function Reference
- 6 External Resources
Introduction
The Conditional Tags can be used in your Template files to change what content is displayed and how that content is displayed on a particular page depending on whatconditions that page matches. For example, you might want to display a snippet of text above the series of posts, but only on the main page of your blog. With the is_home()Conditional Tag, that task is made easy.
Note the close relation these tags have to WordPress Template Hierarchy.
Warning: You can only use conditional query tags after the posts_selection action hook in WordPress (the wp action hook is the first one through which you can use these conditionals). For themes, this means the conditional tag will never work properly if you are using it in the body of functions.php, i.e. outside of a function.
However: if you have a reference to the query object (for example, from within the parse_query or pre_get_posts hooks), you can use the WP_Query conditional methods (eg:
$query->is_search())The Conditions For ...
All of the Conditional Tags test to see whether a certain condition is met, and then returns either TRUE or FALSE. The conditions under which various tags output TRUE is listed below. Those tags which can accept parameters are so noted.
The Main Page
- is_home()
- When the main blog page is being displayed. This is the page which shows the time based blog content of your site, so if you've set a static Page for the Front Page (see below), then this will only be true on the Page which you set as the "Posts page" inAdministration > Settings > Reading.
The Front Page
- is_front_page()
- When the front of the site is displayed, whether it is posts or a Page. Returns true when the main blog page is being displayed and the 'Settings > Reading ->Front page displays' is set to "Your latest posts", or when 'Settings > Reading ->Front page displays' is set to "A static page" and the "Front Page" value is the current Page being displayed.
The Blog Page
There is no conditional tag for the blog page. You have to use both is_home() andis_front_page() to detect this page, but those functions can be misused. In fact, a user can define a static page for the homepage, and another page to display the blog. This one will return true with is_home() function, even if it's not the homepage. Here is what a user can define :
- a default homepage (with the latest posts)
- a static homepage and no blog page
- a static homepage and a blog page
When you use is_home() and is_front_page(), you have to use them in the right order to avoid bugs and to test every user configuration:
if ( is_front_page() && is_home() ) {
// Default homepage
} elseif ( is_front_page() ) {
// static homepage
} elseif ( is_home() ) {
// blog page
} else {
//everything else
}
The Administration Panels
- is_admin()
- When the Dashboard or the administration panels are being displayed.
- is_network_admin()
- When the Network Dashboard or the Network administration panels for multisite are being displayed.
Attention: The wp-login.php page is not an admin page. To check if this page is displayed, use the admin global variable $pagenow.
The Admin Bar
- is_admin_bar_showing()
- Returns true if the admin bar will be displayed.
Note : To display or not this bar, use show_admin_bar(), this function should be called immediately upon plugins_loaded or placed in the theme's functions.php file.
A Single Post Page
- is_single()
- When a single post of any post type (except attachment and page post types) is being displayed.
- is_single( '17' )
- When Post 17 is being displayed as a single Post.
- is_single( 'Irish Stew' )
- When the Post with Title "Irish Stew" is being displayed as a single Post.
- is_single( 'beef-stew' )
- When the Post with Post Slug "beef-stew" is being displayed as a single Post.
- is_single( array( 17, 'beef-stew', 'Irish Stew' ) )
- Returns true when the single post being displayed is either post ID 17, or the post_name is "beef-stew", or the post_title is "Irish Stew".
- is_single( array( 17, 19, 1, 11 ) )
- Returns true when the single post being displayed is either post ID = 17, post ID = 19, post ID = 1 or post ID = 11.
- is_single( array( 'beef-stew', 'pea-soup', 'chili' ) )
- Returns true when the single post being displayed is either the post_name "beef-stew", post_name "pea-soup" or post_name "chili".
- is_single( array( 'Beef Stew', 'Pea Soup', 'Chili' ) )
- Returns true when the single post being displayed is either the post_title is "Beef Stew", post_title is "Pea Soup" or post_title is "Chili".
Note: This function does not distinguish between the post ID, post title, or post name. A post named "17" would be displayed if a post ID of 17 was requested. Presumably the same holds for a post with the slug "17".
A Sticky Post
- is_sticky()
- Returns true if "Stick this post to the front page" check box has been checked for the current post. In this example, no post ID argument is given, so the post ID for the Loop post is used.
- is_sticky( '17' )
- Returns true when Post 17 is considered a sticky post.
A Post Type is Hierarchical
- is_post_type_hierarchical( $post_type )
- Returns true if this $post_type has been set with hierarchical support when registered.
- is_post_type_hierarchical( 'book' )
- Returns true if the book post type was registered as having support for hierarchical.
A Post Type Archive
- is_post_type_archive()
- Returns true on any post type archive.
- is_post_type_archive( $post_type )
- Returns true if on a post type archive page that matches $post_type.
- is_post_type_archive( array( 'foo', 'bar', 'baz' ) )
- Returns true if on a post type archive page that matches either "foo", "bar", or "baz".
To turn on post type archives, use 'has_archive' => true, when registering the post type.
A Comments Popup
- is_comments_popup()
- When in Comments Popup window.
Any Page Containing Posts
- comments_open()
- When comments are allowed for the current Post being processed in the WordPress Loop.
- pings_open()
- When pings are allowed for the current Post being processed in the WordPress Loop.
A PAGE Page
This section refers to WordPress Pages, not any generic webpage from your blog, or in other words to the built in post_type 'page'.
- is_page()
- When any Page is being displayed.
- is_page( 42 )
- When Page 42 (ID) is being displayed.
- is_page( 'About Me And Joe' )
- When the Page with a post_title of "About Me And Joe" is being displayed.
- is_page( 'about-me' )
- When the Page with a post_name (slug) of "about-me" is being displayed.
- is_page( array( 42, 'about-me', 'About Me And Joe' ) )
- Returns true when the Pages displayed is either post ID = 42, or post_name is "about-me", or post_title is "About Me And Joe".
- is_page( array( 42, 54, 6 ) )
- Returns true when the Pages displayed is either post ID = 42, or post ID = 54, or post ID = 6.
See also is_page() for more snippets.
Note: There is no function to check if a page is a sub-page. We can get around the problem:
if ( is_page() && $post->post_parent > 0 ) {
echo "This is a child page";
}
Is a Page Template
Allows you to determine whether or not you are in a page template or if a specific page template is being used.
- is_page_template()
- Is a Page Template being used?
- is_page_template( 'about.php' )
- Is Page Template 'about' being used?
Note: if the file is in a subdirectory you must include this as well. Meaning that this should be the filepath in relation to your theme as well as the filename, for example page-templates/about.php.
A Category Page
- is_category( $category )
- When the actual page is associated with the $category Category.
- is_category( '9' )
- When the archive page for Category 9 is being displayed.
- is_category( 'Stinky Cheeses' )
- When the archive page for the Category with Name "Stinky Cheeses" is being displayed.
- is_category( 'blue-cheese' )
- When the archive page for the Category with Category Slug "blue-cheese" is being displayed.
- is_category( array( 9, 'blue-cheese', 'Stinky Cheeses' ) )
- Returns true when the category of posts being displayed is either term_ID 9, or slug "blue-cheese", or name "Stinky Cheeses".
- in_category( '5' )
- Returns true if the current post is in the specified category id (read more).
- in_category( array( 1,2,3 ) )
- Returns true if the current post is in either category 1, 2, or 3.
- ! in_category( array( 4,5,6 ) )
- Returns true if the current post is NOT in either category 4, 5, or 6. Note the ! at the beginning.
Note: Be sure to check your spelling when testing: "is" and "in" are significantly different.
See also is_archive() and Category Templates.
A Tag Page
- is_tag()
- When any Tag archive page is being displayed.
- is_tag( 'mild' )
- When the archive page for tag with the slug of 'mild' is being displayed.
- is_tag( array( 'sharp', 'mild', 'extreme' ) )
- Returns true when the tag archive being displayed has a slug of either "sharp", "mild", or "extreme".
- has_tag()
- When the current post has a tag. Prior to 2.7, must be used inside The Loop.
- has_tag( 'mild' )
- When the current post has the tag 'mild'.
- has_tag( array( 'sharp', 'mild', 'extreme' ) )
- When the current post has any of the tags in the array.
See also is_archive() and Tag Templates.
is_tax
- is_tax()
- When any Taxonomy archive page is being displayed.
- is_tax( 'flavor' )
- When a Taxonomy archive page for the flavor taxonomy is being displayed.
- is_tax( 'flavor', 'mild')
- When the archive page for the flavor taxonomy with the slug of 'mild' is being displayed.
- is_tax( 'flavor', array( 'sharp', 'mild', 'extreme' ) )
- Returns true when the flavor taxonomy archive being displayed has a slug of either "sharp", "mild", or "extreme".
has_term
- has_term()
- Check if the current post has any of given terms. The first parameter should be an empty string. It expects a taxonomy slug/name as a second parameter.
- has_term( 'green', 'color' )
- When the current post has the term 'green' from taxonomy 'color'.
- has_term( array( 'green', 'orange', 'blue' ), 'color' )
- When the current post has any of the terms in the array.
term_exists
- term_exists( $term, $taxonomy, $parent )
- Returns true if $term exists in any taxonomy. If $taxonomy is given, the term must exist in this one. The 3rd parameter $parentis also optional, if given, the term have to be a child of this parent, the taxonomy must be hierarchical.
is_taxonomy_hierarchical
- is_taxonomy_hierarchical( $taxonomy )
- Returns true if the taxonomy $taxonomy is hierarchical. To declare a taxonomy hierarchical, use 'hierarchical' => truewhen using register_taxonomy().
taxonomy_exists
- taxonomy_exists( $taxonomy )
- Returns true if $taxonomy has been registered on this site using register_taxonomy().
See also is_archive().
An Author Page
- is_author()
- When any Author page is being displayed.
- is_author( '4' )
- When the archive page for Author number (ID) 4 is being displayed.
- is_author( 'Vivian' )
- When the archive page for the Author with Nickname "Vivian" is being displayed.
- is_author( 'john-jones' )
- When the archive page for the Author with Nicename "john-jones" is being displayed.
- is_author( array( 4, 'john-jones', 'Vivian' ) )
- When the archive page for the author is either user ID 4, or user_nicename "john-jones", or nickname "Vivian".
See also is_archive() and Author Templates.
A Multi-author Site
- is_multi_author( )
- When more than one author has published posts for a site. Available with Version 3.2.
A Date Page
- is_date()
- When any date-based archive page is being displayed (i.e. a monthly, yearly, daily or time-based archive).
- is_year()
- When a yearly archive is being displayed.
- is_month()
- When a monthly archive is being displayed.
- is_day()
- When a daily archive is being displayed.
- is_time()
- When an hourly, "minutely", or "secondly" archive is being displayed.
- is_new_day()
- If today is a new day according to post date. Should be used inside the loop.
See also is_archive().
Any Archive Page
- is_archive()
- When any type of Archive page is being displayed. Category, Tag, other Taxonomy Term, custom post type archive, Author and Date-based pages are all types of Archives.
A Search Result Page
- is_search()
- When a search result page archive is being displayed.
A 404 Not Found Page
- is_404()
- When a page displays after an "HTTP 404: Not Found" error occurs.
A Paged Page
- is_paged()
- When the page being displayed is "paged". This refers to an archive or the main page being split up over several pages and will return true on 2nd and subsequent pages of posts. This does not refer to a Post or Page whose content has been divided into pages using the <!--nextpage--> QuickTag. To check if a Post or Page has been divided into pages using the <!--nextpage--> QuickTag, see A_Paged_Page section.
An Attachment
- is_attachment()
- When an attachment document to a post or Page is being displayed. An attachment is an image or other file uploaded through the post editor's upload utility. Attachments can be displayed on their own 'page' or template.
See also Using Image and File Attachments.
Attachment Is Image
- wp_attachment_is_image( $post_id )
- Returns true if the attached file to the post with ID equal to $post_id is an image. Mime formats and extensions allowed are: .jpg, .jpeg, .gif, et .png.
A Local Attachment
- is_local_attachment( $url )
- Returns true if the link passed in $url is a real attachment file from this site.
A Single Page, a Single Post, an Attachment or Any Other Custom Post Type
- is_singular()
- Returns true for any is_single(), is_page(), or is_attachment().
- is_singular( 'foo' )
- Returns true if the post_type is "foo".
- is_singular( array( 'foo', 'bar', 'baz' ) )
- Returns true if the post_type is "foo", "bar", or "baz".
See also the Custom Post Types book.
Post Type Exists
- post_type_exists( $post_type )
- Returns true is the given $post_type has been registered on this site using register_post_type().
Is Main Query
- is_main_query()
- Returns true when the current query (such as within the loop) is the "main" query.
Example with the filter hook the_content
add_action( 'the_content', 'baw_add_social_buttons' );
function baw_add_social_buttons( $content ) {
if ( ! is_admin() && is_main_query() ) {
return $content . function_from_a_social_plugin();
}
return $content;
}
If, when WordPress tries to display the content of each post in the Loop or in a single post page, we are in the main query, and not admin side, we add some social buttons (for example).
Example with the action hook pre_get_posts
add_action( 'pre_get_posts', 'baw_modify_query_exclude_category' );
function baw_modify_query_exclude_category( $query ) {
if ( ! is_admin() && $query->is_main_query() && ! $query->get( 'cat' ) ) {
$query->set( 'cat', '-5' );
}
}
With pre_get_posts, this is not possible to call directly is_main_query, we should use $query given as a parameter.
A New Day
- is_new_day()
- Returns true if today is a new day.
A Syndication
- is_feed()
- When the site requested is a Syndication. This tag is not typically used by users; it is used internally by WordPress and is available for Plugin Developers.
A Trackback
- is_trackback()
- When the site requested is WordPress' hook into its Trackback engine. This tag is not typically used by users; it is used internally by WordPress and is available for Plugin Developers.
A Preview
- is_preview()
- When a single post being displayed is viewed in Draft mode.
Has An Excerpt
- has_excerpt()
- When the current post has an excerpt
- has_excerpt( 42 )
- When the post 42 (ID) has an excerpt.
- has_nav_menu()
- Returns true when a registered nav menu location has a menu assigned.
See also register_nav_menu().
Inside The Loop
- in_the_loop()
- Check to see if you are "inside the loop". Useful for plugin authors, this conditional returns as true when you are inside the loop.
Is Dynamic SideBar
- is_dynamic_sidebar()
- Returns true if the theme supports dynamic sidebars.
Is Sidebar Active
- is_active_sidebar()
- Check to see if a given sidebar is active (in use). Returns true if the sidebar (identified by name or id) is in use.
Note: To display a sidebar's content, use dynamic_sidebar( $sidebar ).
Is Widget Active
- is_active_widget( $widget_callback, $widget_id )
- Returns true if the widget with callback $widget_callback or it's ID is $widget_idwill be displayed on front-end.
Note : To be effective this function has to run after widgets have initialized, at action 'init' or later, see Action Reference.
Is Blog Installed
- is_blog_installed()
- Returns true if the current is properly installed.
Note: The cache will be checked first. If you have a cache plugin, which saves the cache values, then this will work. If you use the default WordPress cache, and the database goes away, then you might have problems.
Right To Left Reading
- is_rtl()
- Returns true if the current locale est read from right to left (RTL).
Example
if ( is_rtl() ) {
wp_enqueue_style( 'style-rtl', plugins_url( '/css/style-rtl.css', __FILE__ ) );
wp_enqueue_script( 'script-rtl', plugins_url( '/js/script-rtl.js', __FILE__ ) );
}
Part of a Network (Multisite)
- is_multisite()
- Check to see whether the current site is in a WordPress MultiSite install.
Main Site (Multisite)
- is_main_site()
- Determine if a site is the main site in a network.
Admin of a Network (Multisite)
- is_super_admin()
- Determine if user is a network (super) admin.
Is User Logged in
- is_user_logged_in()
- Returns true if any user is currently logged-in, any roles.
Email Exists
- email_exists( $email )
- Check whether or not the given email address $email has already been registered to a username, and returns that user's ID orfalse if does not exists.
Username Exists
- username_exists( $username )
- Check whether or not the given username $username has already been registered to a username, and returns that user's ID orfalse if does not exists.
An Active Plugin
- is_plugin_active( $path )
- Checks if a plugin is activated.
- is_plugin_active( 'akismet/akismet.php' )
- Checks if Akismet is activated.
- is_plugin_inactive( $path )
- Checks if a plugin is deactivated. Same as ! is_plugin_active( $path ).
- is_plugin_active_for_network( $path )
- Same thing for a network activation on a multisite installation.
- is_plugin_page()
- Returns true if the loaded page, admin side is a plugin's one. This function is deprecated depuis since WordPress 3.1, with no known alternative.
A Child Theme
- is_child_theme()
- Check whether a child theme is in use.
Theme supports a feature
- current_theme_supports()
- Check if various theme features exist.
- current_theme_support( 'post-thumbnails' )
- Returns true if the current theme supports featured images. To add a theme support functionality, use add_theme_support().
Has Post Thumbnail
- has_post_thumbnail( $post_id )
- Returns true if the post with ID equal to $post_id contains a featured image. Theme should support Featured Images, see above.
Script Is In use
- wp_script_is( $handle, $list )
- Returns true if the script with handle is $handle has been 'registered', 'enqueue/queue', 'done', ou 'to_do' depending on $list.
Example
$handle = 'fluidVids.js';
$list = 'enqueued';
if ( wp_script_is( $handle, $list ) ) {
return;
} else {
wp_register_script( 'fluidVids.js', plugin_dir_url(__FILE__).'js/fluidvids.min.js');
wp_enqueue_script( 'fluidVids.js' );
}
This would check if the script named 'fluidVids.js' is enqueued. If it is not enqueued, the files are then registered and enqueued.
Working Examples
Here are working samples to demonstrate how to use these conditional tags.
Single Post
This example shows how to use is_single() to display something specific only when viewing a single post page:
if ( is_single() ) {
echo 'This post\'s title is ' . get_the_title();
}
Add this custom function to your child themes functions.php file and modify the conditional tag to suit your needs.
add_action( 'loop_start', 'add_to_single_posts' );
function add_to_single_posts() {
if ( is_single('post') ) {
echo'<div class="your-class">Your Text or HTML</div>';
}
}
You could also use:
add_action( 'loop_start', 'wpsites_add_to_single_posts' );
function wpsites_add_to_single_posts() {
if ( is_single() ) {
echo'<div class="your-class">Your Text or HTML</div>';
}
}
Another example of how to use Conditional Tags in the Loop. Choose to display content or excerpt in index.php when this is a display single post or the home page.
if ( is_home() || is_single() ) {
the_content();
}
else {
the_excerpt();
}
When you need display a code or element, in a place that is NOT the home page.
<?php if ( ! is_home() ) {?>
Insert your markup ...
<?php } ?>
Check for Multiple Conditionals
You can use PHP operators to evaluate multiple conditionals in a single if statement.
This is handy if you need to check whether combinations of conditionals evaluate to true or false.
// Check to see if 2 conditionals are met
if ( is_single() || is_page() ) ) {
// If it's a single post or a single page, do something special
}
if ( is_archive() && ! is_category( 'nachos' ) ) {
// If it's an archive page for any category EXCEPT nachos, do something special
}
// Check to see if 3 conditionals are met
if ( $query->is_main_query() && is_post_type_archive( 'products' ) && ! is_admin() ) {
// If it's the main query on a custom post type archive for Products
// And if we're not in the WordPress admin, then do something special
}
if ( is_post_type_archive( 'movies' ) || is_tax( 'genre' ) || is_tax( 'actor' ) ) {
// If it's a custom post type archive for Movies
// Or it's a taxonomy archive for Genre
// Or it's a taxonomy archive for Actor, do something special
}
Date-Based Differences
If someone browses our site by date, let's distinguish posts in different years by using different colors:
<?php
// this starts The Loop
if ( have_posts() ) : while ( have_posts() ) : the_post(); ?>
<h2 id="post-<?php the_ID(); ?>">
<a href="<?php the_permalink() ?>" rel="bookmark" title="Permanent Link to <?php the_title_attribute(); ?>">
<?php the_title(); ?></a></h2>
<small><?php the_time('F jS, Y') ?> <!-- by <?php the_author() ?> --></small>
<?php
// are we showing a date-based archive?
if ( is_date() ) {
if ( date( 'Y' ) != get_the_date( 'Y' ) ) {
// this post was written in a previous year
// so let's style the content using the "oldentry" class
echo '<div class="oldentry">';
} else {
echo '<div class="entry">';
}
} else {
echo '<div class="entry">';
}
the_content( 'Read the rest of this entry »' );
?>
</div>
Variable Sidebar Content
This example will display different content in your sidebar based on what page the reader is currently viewing.
<!-- begin sidebar -->
<div id="sidebar">
<?php
// let's generate info appropriate to the page being displayed
if ( is_home() ) {
// we're on the home page, so let's show a list of all top-level categories
echo "<ul>";
wp_list_categories( 'optionall=0&sort_column=name&list=1&children=0' );
echo "</ul>";
} elseif ( is_category() ) {
// we're looking at a single category view, so let's show _all_ the categories
echo "<ul>";
wp_list_categories( 'optionall=1&sort_column=name&list=1&children=1&hierarchical=1' );
echo "</ul>";
} elseif ( is_single() ) {
// we're looking at a single page, so let's not show anything in the sidebar
} elseif ( is_page() ) {
// we're looking at a static page. Which one?
if ( is_page( 'About' ) ) {
// our about page.
echo "<p>This is my about page!</p>";
} elseif ( is_page( 'Colophon' ) ) {
echo "<p>This is my colophon page, running on WordPress, " . bloginfo( 'name' ) . "</p>";
} else {
// catch-all for other pages
echo "<p>Vote for Pedro!</p>";
}
} else {
// catch-all for everything else (archives, searches, 404s, etc)
echo "<p>That's all.</p>";
} // That's all, folks!
?>
<form id="searchform" method="get" action="<?php echo esc_url( $_SERVER['PHP_SELF'] ); ?>">
<div>
<input type="text" name="s" id="s" size="15" />
<input type="submit" value="<?php _e( 'Search' ); ?>" />
</div>
</form>
</div>
<!-- end sidebar -->
Helpful 404 Page
The Creating an Error 404 Page article has an example of using the PHP conditional function
isset()
in the Writing Friendly Messages section.Dynamic Menu Highlighting
The Dynamic Menu Highlighting article discusses how to use the conditional tags to enable highlighting of the current page in a menu.
At times queries performed in other templates such as sidebar.php may corrupt certain conditional tags. For instance, in header.php a conditional tag works properly but doesn't work in a theme's footer.php. The trick is to put wp_reset_query before the conditional test in the footer. For example:
<?php
wp_reset_query();
if ( is_page( '2' ) ) {
echo 'This is page 2!';
}
?>
